This book provides detailed insight to the readers into various aspects of bile duct injury. Bile duct injury is a common complication of cholecystectomy to treat gall stone disease prevalent all over the world. Risk of bile duct injury is more during a laparoscopic procedure as compared to open procedure and most cholecystectomies today are performed laparoscopically. Bile duct injury causes major morbidity and may even result in death, additionally it increases the healthcare costs and impairs quality of life. It is therefore important that every surgeon who performs cholecystectomy knows how to suspect, diagnose, manage and prevent bile duct injury. This book provides practical information and offers assistance in managing patients with difficult cases of bile duct injury. It summarises Dr Kapoor’s experience with management of more than 1,000 patients with post-cholecystectomy bile duct injury/ biliary stricture. Chapters cover anatomy, epidemiology, mechanism, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, investigations, classification, diagnosis, management and prevention of bile duct injury. It also includes non-medical issues including health care, socio-economic, costs and quality of life.

Shortly after Langenbuch performed the first cholecystectomy in 1877 in Berlin, the first bile duct injury associated to cholecystectomy occurred and was published. For decades frequency maintained low, until the presentation of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, when the number of cases complicated with bile duct injury doubled. Nowadays, it is estimated that this injury occurs in up to every three to six cholecystectomies. In 2019, despite the great efforts, educational programs, simulators and learning curves, injuries continue to happen. In some way, it represents a great emotional burden both for the surgeon and the patient. This text compiles a wide revision of this problem. In the United States, it represents a health issue due to the costs it carries. In Mexico, where the information published by the authors is gathered, there are no official statistics of the problem. The different chapters of the book deeply explore anatomical and physiological aspects of the bile duct, the etiology of the lesions and the mechanisms or tools to approach the patient, as the multidisciplinary outcomes of the injury. This book is addressed to all health professionals, especially surgeons, who are involved in these complex cases directly or not. We intend to approach, in a wide and profound manner, all the situations related to the management of these lesions.

The Golden Hour is a well-established concept in emergency medicine, related to the critical period of one hour after an injury, accident or trauma. This term implies that the mortality rates increase substantially if efficient care is not provided within 60 minutes after the trauma. This book is intended as a practical manual in Trauma Care within the context of the golden hour, addressing all trauma types and all body parts. Readers will find essential decision-making algorithms and protocols with commentary for traumas, along with easily accessible information on how to treat patients in a very practical and handy fashion. Furthermore, the content is presented in a didactic way suitable for a wide audience, from medical students who want to learn about the basics of trauma care to experienced surgeons seeking a comprehensive guide to trauma-related interventions.The book combines contributions from experts at two renowned Trauma Centers, the Hospital do Trabalhador at Curitiba, Brazil, and the Ryder Trauma Center in Miami, USA. Therefore, considering the different local environments and resources, the book provides distinct perspectives for several injuries, presenting the state of the art in Trauma Care. The diversity of perspectives in this book contributes to a global health care approach suitable for trauma-related events from developed countries to remote areas. The Trauma Golden Hour – A Practical Guide celebrates the Centennial Anniversary of the Federal University of Parana (Brazil), the 25th Anniversary of the Ryder Trauma Center (USA) and the 20th Anniversary of the Hospital do Trabalhador (Brazil).

This extensive and yet easy-to-read book covers technical aspects of the management of difficult acute cholecystitis. It discusses diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and strategies for avoiding and managing complications based on both evidence-based data and the experiences of the editor and the international contributors. Further, it analyses the latest guidelines to find the best clinical applications. Each chapter describes the current diagnostic and management strategies, focusing on a possible risk stratification by scores proposed in literature. Lastly, the book describes the relevant technical considerations and tips and tricks, explaining them in full. Illustrated throughout and including line graphs depicting fundamental anatomic and technical principles, making it easy-to understand, it is a useful toolkit for all residents, fellows and general surgeons needing a guide to the treatment of difficult acute cholecystits.

Although benign biliary disease is an area in which many surgeons have experience, there are many nuances to providing the highest quality of surgical care. The biliary anatomy is unique but presents with anatomical variances and can be distorted by benign pathology. Biliary surgery has been one of the areas where minimally invasive techniques were first applied in the late 1980s. However, surgical technique has continued to evolve due to acquisition of advanced minimal surgical skills and improvement in surgical technology. The expertise, sage, and knowledge of the members of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgery (SAGES) have prioritized the creation of this manual on modern biliary surgery. This manual will provide the standard for the current state of biliary surgery in the 21st century. The SAGES Manual of Biliary Surgery will align with the new SAGES University Masters program. The Manual supplements the Masters Program Biliary Surgery Pathway. Its goal is to help the surgeon progress from the competent to the proficient and finally to the mastery level. Both for the surgical trainee and senior surgeon, this guidebook will also give insight into modern evaluation and management. The highlights will emphasize what is both feasible and safe from a minimally invasive approach in biliary surgery. The concept of Safe Cholecystectomy will be defined and expounded on in detail. The difficult cholecystectomy will be given ample coverage to include management of intraoperative bile duct injury, indications and techniques of subtotal cholecystectomy, and special attention to intraoperative diagnostic imaging that serve as adjuncts, including cholangiograpy, ultrasound, as well as indocyanine green biliary fluorescence. We will review the updated international Tokyo guidelines for acute cholecystitis. Furthermore, the evolution of treatment of choledocohlithiasis has evolved the most in recent years, and thus requires an extensive discussion of the non-operative and operative management of bile duct stones. This text will serve as an important contribution to the medical literature sponsored by SAGES, an international leading authority in gastrointestinal surgery with a keen interest in safe and proficient biliary surgery. Leaders in the field of biliary surgery will impart their insight and considerable experience in the chapters planned for this manual. The intent for this manual is to be the cited resource for high quality and applicable knowledge for the treatment of benign biliary disease.

This book, written by expert surgeons, offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of all aspects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Coverage includes the indications for surgery, anesthesia, surgical technique, and the prevention and management of complications, with extensive reference to the latest clinical evidence and assessment of the benefits of the laparoscopic approach, for example in terms of outcomes and day surgery. New technologies, including SILS, NOTES, robotic surgery, and miniaturized instruments, are reviewed. The learning curve and training are also extensively discussed, and an individual chapter is devoted to the views of international experts in the field. Readers will find the book to be an ideal guide to this gold standard technique, which continues to evolve some 20 years after the National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference first published recommendations regarding indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

An interdisciplinary reference book for the diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder and bile duct diseases With recent developments in the management of hepatobiliary diseases including liver transplantation, this new edition aids all members of the team by addressing both the biliary indications for and biliary complications of these procedures. It's divided into three sections on anatomy, pathophysiology, and epidemiology; diagnostic and therapeutic approaches including the latest therapeutic modalities; and specific conditions. Includes more than 250 illustrations for rapid reference. Each chapter now has a Q&A section and begins with a list of objectives outlining the chapter’s goals. In addition, a number of new imaging modalities are presented in this new edition. It takes an integrated medical, surgical and radiological approach, making this invaluable to all members of the team who deal with complications of liver transplantation and the management of patients.