Applications of Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Volume I is a collection of essays that discusses the research performed using Mössbauer spectroscopy. The book presents the effect of some stabilizers of polyethylene. It demonstrates the polymerization processes and structure of catalytically active centers. The text also describes the chemical processes in butyl rubber vulcanization. It discusses the experimental studies of iron transport proteins and the thermal decomposition of solids. The section that follows describes the paramagnetic hyperfine structure. The book will provide valuable insights for scientists, chemists, students, and researchers in the field of organic chemistry.

Two decades have passed since the original discovery of recoilless nuclear gamma resonance by Rudolf Mossbauer; the spectroscopic method based on this resonance effect - referred to as Mossbauer spectroscopy - has developed into a powerful tool in solid-state research. The users are chemists, physicists, biologists, geologists, and scientists from other disciplines, and the spectrum of problems amenable to this method has become extraordinarily broad. In the present volume we have confined ourselves to applications of Mossbauer spectroscopy to the area of transition elements. We hope that the book will be useful not only to non-Mossbauer special ists with problem-Oriented activities in the chemistry and physics of transition elements, but also to those actively working in the field of Mossbauer spectroscopy on systems (compounds as well as alloys) of transition elements. The first five chapters are directed to introducing the reader who is not familiar with the technique to the principles of the recoilless nuclear resonance effect, the hyperfme interactions between nuclei and electronic properties such as electric and magnetic fields, some essential aspects about measurements, and the evaluation of Moss bauer spectra. Chapter 6 deals with the interpretation of Mossbauer parameters of iron compounds. Here we have placed emphasis on the information about the electronic structure, in correlation with quantum chemical methods, because of its importance for chemical bonding and magnetic properties.

Mossbauer spectroscopy has proved itself a versatile technique, finding applications in diverse areas of science and industry. Starting from physics and chemistry it spread into biochemistry, mineralogy, biochemistry, corrosion science, geochemistry and archaeology, with applications in industrial and scientific research. The author aims to help advanced university students, professionals and research workers who ask the question "what's in it for us?". After a concise account of experimental techniques, he emphasizes those applications in which there are few, if any, alternative ways of obtaining the same information about electron fields and the nuclei. He explains areas of industrial interest, including the important applications related to tin and iron on which there is much activity in research and development, and interprets the extension of Mossbauer techniques to main group, transitional and other suitable elements. Attention is paid to factors which may lead to misinterpretation of spectra and another chapter covers the complexities of interpreting emission spectra. - Discusses the appearance of Mossbauer spectroscopy in biochemistry, mineralogy, biochemistry, corrosion science, geochemistry and archaeology, with applications in industrial and scientific research - Emphasizes the applications in which there are few, if any, alternative ways of obtaining the same information about electron fields and the nuclei - Attention is paid to the complexities of interpreting emission spectra and the factors which may lead to misinterpretation of spectra

Providing a modern update of the field, Mossbauer Spectroscopy focuses on applications across a broad range of fields, including analysis of inorganic elements, nanoparticles, metalloenzymyes, biomolecules (including proteins), glass, coal, and iron. Ideal for a broad range of scientists, this one-stop reference presents advances gained in the field over past two decades, including a detailed theoretical description of Mossbauer spectroscopy, an extensive treatment of Mossbauer spectroscopy in applied areas, and challenges and future opportunities for the further development of this technique.

The past twenty five years - roughly the period from 1960 to 1985 - have been by all measures among the most exciting and challenging times of our science. The increasing sensitivity of chemical instrumentation, the introduction of the routine use of computers for data reduction and of microprocessors for instrumental control, the wide-spread utilization of lasers, and the disappearance of traditional disciplinary boundaries between scientific fields are but a few of the examples one could cite to support the introductory contention. Almost all of these developments have had their impact on the development of Mossbauer Effect Spectroscopy into a technique par excellence for the elucidation of problems in all areas of chemistry and its associated sister sciences. Indeed, because this spectroscopy is based on fundamental phenomena in nuclear physics, is described in terms of the theory of the solid state and structural chemistry, is useful in the understanding of chemical reactivity and biological phenomena, and can serve to supplement information developed by many other experimental techniques, it has provided an unparalleled opportunity for the exchange of ideas among practitioners of a very wide variety of subfields of the physical and biological sciences. The present collection of contributions is the direct result of such an interaction.

concentrates on teaching techniques using as much theory as needed. application of the techniques to many problems of materials characterization. Mössbauer spectroscopy is a profound analytical method which has nevertheless continued to develop. The authors now present a state-of-the art book which consists of two parts. The first part details the fundamentals of Mössbauer spectroscopy and is based on a book published in 1978 in the Springer series 'Inorganic Chemistry Concepts' by P. Gütlich, R. Link and A.X. Trautwein. The second part covers useful practical aspects of measurements, and the application of the techniques to many problems of materials characterization. The update includes the use of synchroton radiation and many instructive and illustrative examples in fields such as solid state chemistry, biology and physics, materials and the geosciences, as well as industrial applications. Special chapters on magnetic relaxation phenomena (S. Morup) and computation of hyperfine interaction parameters (F. Neese) are also included. The book concentrates on teaching the technique using theory as much as needed and as little as possible. The reader will learn the fundamentals of the technique and how to apply it to many problems of materials characterization. Transition metal chemistry, studied on the basis of the most widely used Mössbauer isotopes, will be in the foreground.

The emergence of M6ssbauer spectroscopy as an important experi mental technique for the study of solids has resulted in a wide range of applications in chemistry, physics, metallurgy and biophysics. This book is intended to summarize the elementary principles of the technique at a level appropriate to the advanced student or experienced chemist requiring a moderately comprehensive but basically non-mathematical introduction. Thus the major part of the book is concerned with the practical applications of Mossbauer spectroscopy, using carefully selected examples to illustrate the concepts. The references cited and the bibliography are intended to provide a bridge to the main literature for those who subseouent ly require a deeper knowledge. The text is complementary to the longer research monograph, 'Mossbauer Spectroscopy', which was written a few years ago in co-authorship with Professor N.N. Greenwood, and to whom I am deeply indebted for reading the preliminary draft of the present volume. I also wish to thank my many colleagues over the past ten years, and in particular Dr. R. Greatrex, for the many stimu lating discussions which we have had together. However my greatest debt is to my wife, who not only had to tolerate my eccen tricities during the gestation period, but being a chemist herself was also able to provide much useful criticism of the penultirna te draft.

The effect which now bears his name, was discovered in 1958 by Rudolf Mössbauer at the Technical University of Munich. At first, this appeared to be a phenomenon related to nuclear energy levels that provided some information about excited state lifetimes and quantum properties. However, it soon became apparent that Mössbauer spectroscopy had applications in such diverse fields as general relativity, solid state physics, chemistry, materials science, biology, medical physics, archeology and art. It is the extreme sensitivity of the effect to the atomic environment around the probe atom as well as the ability to apply the technique to some interesting and important elements, most notably iron, that is responsible for the Mössbauer effect's extensive use. The present volume reviews the historical development of the Mössbauer effect, the experimental details, the basic physics of hyperfine interactions and some of the numerous applications of Mössbauer effect spectroscopy.