This is a concise, easy to use, step-by-step guide for applied researchers conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using the open source software R. In this book, Dr. Watkins systematically reviews each decision step in EFA with screen shots of R and RStudio code, and recommends evidence-based best practice procedures. This is an eminently applied, practical approach with few or no formulas and is aimed at readers with little to no mathematical background. Dr. Watkins maintains an accessible tone throughout and uses minimal jargon and formula to help facilitate grasp of the key issues users will face while applying EFA, along with how to implement, interpret, and report results. Copious scholarly references and quotations are included to support the reader in responding to editorial reviews. This is a valuable resource for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as for more experienced researchers undertaking multivariate or structure equation modeling courses across the behavioral, medical, and social sciences.

This is a concise, easy to use, step-by-step guide for applied researchers conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using the open source software R. In this book, Dr. Watkins systematically reviews each decision step in EFA with screen shots of R and RStudio code, and recommends evidence-based best practice procedures. This is an eminently applied, practical approach with few or no formulas and is aimed at readers with little to no mathematical background. Dr. Watkins maintains an accessible tone throughout and uses minimal jargon and formula to help facilitate grasp of the key issues users will face while applying EFA, along with how to implement, interpret, and report results. Copious scholarly references and quotations are included to support the reader in responding to editorial reviews. This is a valuable resource for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as for more experienced researchers undertaking multivariate or structure equation modeling courses across the behavioral, medical, and social sciences.

This is a concise, easy to use, step-by-step guide for applied researchers conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using SPSS. In this book, Dr. Watkins systematically reviews each decision step in EFA with screen shots and code from SPSS and recommends evidence-based best-practice procedures. This is an eminently applied, practical approach with few or no formulas and is aimed at readers with little to no mathematical background. Dr. Watkins maintains an accessible tone throughout and uses minimal jargon to help facilitate grasp of the key issues users will face while applying EFA, along with how to implement, interpret, and report results. Copious scholarly references and quotations are included to support the reader in responding to editorial reviews. This is a valuable resource for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as for more experienced researchers undertaking multivariate or structure equation modeling courses across the behavioral, medical, and social sciences.

"This is a concise, easy to use, step-by-step guide for applied researchers conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using the open source software R. In this book, Dr. Watkins systematically reviews each decision step in EFA with screen shots of R and RStudio code and recommends evidence-based best practice procedures. This is an eminently applied, practical approach with few or no formulas and is aimed at readers with little to no mathematical background. Dr. Watkins maintains an accessible tone throughout and uses minimal jargon and formula to help facilitate grasp of the key issues users will face when applying EFA, along with how to implement, interpret, and report results. Copious scholarly references and quotations are included to support the reader in responding to editorial reviews. This is a valuable resource for upper level undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as for more experienced researchers undertaking multivariate or structure equation modeling courses across the behavioral, medical, and social sciences"--

Factor Analysis and Dimension Reduction in R provides coverage, with worked examples, of a large number of dimension reduction procedures along with model performance metrics to compare them. Factor analysis in the form of principal components analysis (PCA) or principal factor analysis (PFA) is familiar to most social scientists. However, what is less familiar is understanding that factor analysis is a subset of the more general statistical family of dimension reduction methods. The social scientist's toolkit for factor analysis problems can be expanded to include the range of solutions this book presents. In addition to covering FA and PCA with orthogonal and oblique rotation, this book’s coverage includes higher-order factor models, bifactor models, models based on binary and ordinal data, models based on mixed data, generalized low-rank models, cluster analysis with GLRM, models involving supplemental variables or observations, Bayesian factor analysis, regularized factor analysis, testing for unidimensionality, and prediction with factor scores. The second half of the book deals with other procedures for dimension reduction. These include coverage of kernel PCA, factor analysis with multidimensional scaling, locally linear embedding models, Laplacian eigenmaps, diffusion maps, force directed methods, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, independent component analysis (ICA), dimensionality reduction via regression (DRR), non-negative matrix factorization (NNMF), Isomap, Autoencoder, uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) models, neural network models, and longitudinal factor analysis models. In addition, a special chapter covers metrics for comparing model performance. Features of this book include: Numerous worked examples with replicable R code Explicit comprehensive coverage of data assumptions Adaptation of factor methods to binary, ordinal, and categorical data Residual and outlier analysis Visualization of factor results Final chapters that treat integration of factor analysis with neural network and time series methods Presented in color with R code and introduction to R and RStudio, this book will be suitable for graduate-level and optional module courses for social scientists, and on quantitative methods and multivariate statistics courses.

Multivariate Statistical Methods: A Primer offers an introduction to multivariate statistical methods in a rigorous yet intuitive way, without an excess of mathematical details. In this fifth edition, all chapters have been revised and updated, with clearer and more direct language than in previous editions, and with more up-to-date examples, exercises, and references, in areas as diverse as biology, environmental sciences, economics, social medicine, and politics. Features • A concise and accessible conceptual approach that requires minimal mathematical background. • Suitable for a wide range of applied statisticians and professionals from the natural and social sciences. • Presents all the key topics for a multivariate statistics course. • The R code in the appendices has been updated, and there is a new appendix introducing programming basics for R. • The data from examples and exercises are available on a companion website. This book continues to be a great starting point for readers looking to become proficient in multivariate statistical methods, but who might not be deeply versed in the language of mathematics. In this edition, we provide readers with conceptual introductions to methods, practical suggestions, new references, and a more extensive collection of R functions and code that will help them to deepen their toolkit of multivariate statistical methods.

In an era marked by exponential growth in data generation and an unprecedented convergence of technology and healthcare, the intersection of biostatistics and data science has become a pivotal domain. This book is the ideal companion in navigating the convergence of statistical methodologies and data science techniques with diverse applications implemented in the open-source environment of R. It is designed to be a comprehensive guide, marrying the principles of biostatistics with the practical implementation of statistics and data science in R, thereby empowering learners, researchers, and practitioners with the tools necessary to extract meaningful knowledge from biological, health, and medical datasets. This book is intended for students, researchers, and professionals eager to harness the combined power of biostatistics, data science, and the R programming language while gathering vital statistical knowledge needed for cutting-edge scientists in all fields. It is useful for those seeking to understand the basics of data science and statistical analysis, or looking to enhance their skills in handling any simple or complex data including biological, health, medical, and industry data. Key Features: Presents contemporary concepts of data science and biostatistics with real-life data analysis examples Promotes the evolution of fundamental and advanced methods applying to real-life problem-solving cases Explores computational statistical data science techniques from initial conception to recent developments of biostatistics Provides all R codes and real-world datasets to practice and competently apply into reader’s own domains Written in an exclusive state-of-the-art deductive approach without any theoretical hitches to support all contemporary readers

Survey Development: A Theory-Driven Mixed-Method Approach provides both an overview of standard methods and tools for developing and validating surveys and a conceptual basis for survey development that advocates establishing and testing of hypotheses pertaining to presumptions and score-interpretation and use inferences and mixing quantitative and qualitative methods. The book has 14 chapters which are divided into four parts. Part A includes six chapters that deal with theory and methodology. Part B has five chapters and it gets into the process of constructing the survey using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Part C comprises two chapters devoted to assessing the quality or psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of survey responses. Finally, the one chapter in Part D is an attempt to present a synopsis of what was covered in the previous chapters in regard to developing a survey with the TDMM framework for developing survey and conducting survey research. This provides a full process for survey development intended to yield results that can support valid interpretation and use of scores. Including detailed online resources, this book is suitable for graduate students who use or are responsible for interpretation of survey research and survey data as well as survey methodologists and practitioners who use surveys in their field.

Learn how to use R to turn raw data into insight, knowledge, and understanding. This book introduces you to R, RStudio, and the tidyverse, a collection of R packages designed to work together to make data science fast, fluent, and fun. Suitable for readers with no previous programming experience, R for Data Science is designed to get you doing data science as quickly as possible. Authors Hadley Wickham and Garrett Grolemund guide you through the steps of importing, wrangling, exploring, and modeling your data and communicating the results. You'll get a complete, big-picture understanding of the data science cycle, along with basic tools you need to manage the details. Each section of the book is paired with exercises to help you practice what you've learned along the way. You'll learn how to: Wrangle—transform your datasets into a form convenient for analysis Program—learn powerful R tools for solving data problems with greater clarity and ease Explore—examine your data, generate hypotheses, and quickly test them Model—provide a low-dimensional summary that captures true "signals" in your dataset Communicate—learn R Markdown for integrating prose, code, and results

The majority of data sets collected by researchers in all disciplines are multivariate, meaning that several measurements, observations, or recordings are taken on each of the units in the data set. These units might be human subjects, archaeological artifacts, countries, or a vast variety of other things. In a few cases, it may be sensible to isolate each variable and study it separately, but in most instances all the variables need to be examined simultaneously in order to fully grasp the structure and key features of the data. For this purpose, one or another method of multivariate analysis might be helpful, and it is with such methods that this book is largely concerned. Multivariate analysis includes methods both for describing and exploring such data and for making formal inferences about them. The aim of all the techniques is, in general sense, to display or extract the signal in the data in the presence of noise and to find out what the data show us in the midst of their apparent chaos. An Introduction to Applied Multivariate Analysis with R explores the correct application of these methods so as to extract as much information as possible from the data at hand, particularly as some type of graphical representation, via the R software. Throughout the book, the authors give many examples of R code used to apply the multivariate techniques to multivariate data.