Underground infrastructure undoubtedly constitutes one of the most important engineering equipments of urbanized areas. It includes energy distribution, communications and water, carry away sewage, transportation systems of goods and people, storage facilities of articles, liquids and gases, and commercial, recreational and research activities and other functions. Underground Infrastructure of Urban Areas 4 is dedicated to the research, design, implementation and maintenance of infrastructure systems, as well as communication tunnels and building structures (garages, tanks, etc.) in urbanized areas. The book collects contributions from several countries, presenting current scientific and technical issues associated with this area of the building industry. Both theoretical issues and cases studies on the design, execution and testing of underground infrastructures at expertise and scientific levels are included in the book. Presenting the state-of-the-art in underground infrastructure of urbanized areas, Underground Infrastructure of Urban Areas 4 aims at academics, designers and builders of structures, producers and suppliers of building materials, equipment, and underground structures, and also to those managing and maintaining these structures.

Presenting the state-of-the-art in underground infrastructure of urbanized areas, 'Underground Infrastructure of Urban Areas 3' aims at academics, designers and builders of structures, producers and suppliers of building materials, equipment, and underground structures, and also at those managing and maintaining these structures.

The book considers the underground development of cities from a systemic point of view. The authors' scientific methodology for planning a system of alternative design configurations in a metropolis (including underground infrastructure) on the basis of applied system analysis methods is revealed. The book presents a short guide and a number of practical applications of morphological analysis, cognitive modeling, and other system analysis methods as tools for solving various urban problems, including risk assessment in the transport infrastructure of a city; evaluation and justification of constructing different types of underground objects on a selected site according to its structural, functional and geological factors; construction of scenarios aimed at informed decision-making in planning complex underground facilities. The book provides novel and convenient tools for urban development to professionals in urban planning, municipal authorities and investors, and researchers in urban studies.

RE-MIXING THE CITY - Towards Sustainability and Resilience? There is nothing permanent except change. (Heraclitus) Cities worldwide are facing rapid social, economic, environmental, technological and cultural changes such as: rapid urbanisation, aging of society, security issues, housing emergency, new solutions on mobility, integration of immigrants, food and water shortage, etc. Especially in times of economic crisis and demographic changes in cities, it is necessary to think about how to best handle what we have, and therefore "RE-MIXING THE CITY" is a challenge to manage and re-combine the elements which make our modern cities in order to better respond to change.

Expanding Underground - Knowledge and Passion to Make a Positive Impact on the World contains the contributions presented at the ITA-AITES World Tunnel Congress 2023 (Athens, Greece, 12 – 18 May, 2023). Tunnels and underground space are a predominant engineering practice that can provide sustainable, cost-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions to the ever-growing needs of modern societies. This underground expansion in more diverse and challenging infrastructure types or to novel underground uses can foster the changes needed. At the same time, the tunneling and underground space community needs to be better prepared and equipped with knowledge, tools and experience, to deal with the prevailing conditions, to successfully challenge and overcome adversities on this path. The papers in this book aim at contributing to the analysis of challenging conditions, the presentation and dissemination good practices, the introduction of new concepts, new tools and innovative elements that can help engineers and all stakeholders to reach their end goals. Expanding Underground - Knowledge and Passion to Make a Positive Impact on the World covers a wide range of aspects and topics related to the whole chain of the construction and operation of underground structures: Knowledge and Passion to Expand Underground for Sustainability and Resilience Geological, Geotechnical Site Investigation and Ground Characterization Planning and Designing of Tunnels and Underground Structures Mechanised Tunnelling and Microtunnelling Conventional Tunnelling, Drill-and-Blast Applications Tunnelling in Challenging Conditions - Case Histories and Lessons Learned Innovation, Robotics and Automation BIM, Big Data and Machine Learning Applications in Tunnelling Safety, Risk and Operation of Underground Infrastructure, and Contractual Practices, Insurance and Project Management The book is a must-have reference for all professionals and stakeholders involved in tunneling and underground space development projects.

This book offers a state-of-the-science approach to current environmental security threats and infrastructure vulnerabilities. It emphasizes beliefs that the convergence of seemingly disparate viewpoints and often uncertain and limited information is possible only by using one or more available risk assessment methodologies and decision-making tools such as risk assessment and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA).

Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art contains the contributions presented at the World Tunnel Congress 2019 (Naples, Italy, 3-9 May 2019). The use of underground space is continuing to grow, due to global urbanization, public demand for efficient transportation, and energy saving, production and distribution. The growing need for space at ground level, along with its continuous value increase and the challenges of energy saving and achieving sustainable development objectives, demand greater and better use of the underground space to ensure that it supports sustainable, resilient and more liveable cities. This vision was the source of inspiration for the design of the logos of both the International (ITA) and Italian (SIG) Tunnelling Association. By placing key infrastructures underground – the black circle in the logos – it will be possible to preserve and enhance the quality of the space at ground level – the green line. In order to consider and value underground space usage together with human and social needs, engineers, architects, and artists will have to learn to collaborate and develop an interdisciplinary design approach that addresses functionality, safety, aesthetics and quality of life, and adaptability to future and varied functions. The 700 contributions cover a wide range of topics, from more traditional subjects connected to technical challenges of design and construction of underground works, with emphasis on innovation in tunneling engineering, to less conventional and archetypically Italian themes such as archaeology, architecture, and art. The book has the following main themes: Archaeology, Architecture and Art in underground construction; Environment sustainability in underground construction; Geological and geotechnical knowledge and requirements for project implementation; Ground improvement in underground constructions; Innovation in underground engineering, materials and equipment; Long and deep tunnels; Public communication and awareness; Risk management, contracts and financial aspects; Safety in underground construction; Strategic use of underground space for resilient cities; Urban tunnels. Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art is a valuable reference text for tunneling specialists, owners, engineers, architects and others involved in underground planning, design and building around the world, and for academics who are interested in underground constructions and geotechnics.

This text describes topics discussed at the conference, including: tunnelling and construction in soft ground and rocks; geological investigations; tunnelling machines; planning for underground infrastructure; safety issues and environmental and social aspects of underground development.

Internationally, the mechanized excavation of tunnels has intensified in the last two decades, as the number of tunnels being constructed for subways and railway underpasses increases. The subject of mechanized tunnelling in urban areas has not previously received the attention that it deserves, despite there being specific hazards associated with the construction of tunnels in metropolitan areas, including poor ground conditions, water tables higher than the level of tunnels, and subsidence leading to damage to the existing structures on the surface. The application of technologies for achieving the stability of the tunnel and for minimizing surface settlement is described in this book. Accurate characterization of the ground; rigorous assessment and management of risk from design to maintenance; the correct choice of a tunnel boring machine and a plan for the advancement of the tunnel; specific excavation procedures and real-time monitoring of excavation parameters are all discussed in this thorough work.

The book contains the newest advances related to research and development of complex intellectual systems of various nature, acting under conditions of uncertainty and multifactor risks, intelligent systems for decision-making, high performance computing, state-of-the-art information technologies for needs of science, industry, economy, and environment. The most important problems of sustainable development and global threats estimation, forecast and foresight in tasks of planning and strategic decision-making are investigated. This monograph will be useful to researchers, post-graduates, and advanced students specializing in system analysis, decision-making, strategic planning or engineering design, fundamentals of computational Intelligence, artificial Intelligence systems based on hybrid neural networks, big data, and data mining.