Bioconjugate Techniques, 2nd Edition, is the essential guide to the modification and cross linking of biomolecules for use in research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. It provides highly detailed information on the chemistry, reagent systems, and practical applications for creating labeled or conjugate molecules. It also describes dozens of reactions with details on hundreds of commercially available reagents and the use of these reagents for modifying or cross linking peptides and proteins, sugars and polysaccharides, nucleic acids and oligonucleotides, lipids, and synthetic polymers. A one-stop source for proven methods and protocols for synthesizing bioconjugates in the lab Step-by-step presentation makes the book an ideal source for researchers who are less familiar with the synthesis of bioconjugates More than 600 figures that visually describe the complex reactions associated with the synthesis of bioconjugates Includes entirely new chapters on the latest areas in the field of bioconjugation as follows: Microparticles and nanoparticlesSilane coupling agentsDendrimers and dendronsChemoselective ligationQuantum dotsLanthanide chelatesCyanine dyesDiscrete PEG compoundsBuckyballs,fullerenes, and carbon nanotubesMass tags and isotope tagsBioconjugation in the study of protein interactions

"This book presents comprehensive accounts of the chemistry revolving around the sulphonamides. Sulfonamides are widely present in various drugs as a functional group and are a manmade synthetic drug. Hence, their extended research is a prerequisite for every practitioner of organic chemistry. Chapter 1 introduces the synthesis, reactivity, acidity, and pharmaceutical properties of the sulphonamides. It highlights the synthesis of biologically active sulphonamides, the study of their biological activity by QSAR method, and their medical applications. Chapter 2 deals with the classification of sulphonamides (i.e. acyclic and cyclic) and their structural activity relationship. It also describes the application of sulphonamides in pharmaceuticals as antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-malarial agents. Chapter 3 reviews the synthetic attempts towards sulphonamide synthesis by employing the fixation of sulphur-dioxides. These approaches have been categorized into three parts: a) transition metal-catalyzed, b) employing Lewis acid, c) photocatalytic. Chapter 4 discusses the use of sulphonamides as potent organocatalysts, briefly describing how the mono- and C2-symmetric bis-sulfonamides act as efficient bifunctional and multifunctional organocatalysts in the enantioselective Michael addition of carbonyl compounds to alpha, beta-unsaturated compounds. Chapter 5 details the oxidative sulphonamidation of alkenes and dienes, which also direct the routes to the synthesis of numerous heterocycles and linear compounds. Special emphasis is given to the comparison of reactivity of triflamides, arenesulfonamides, and the deprotection of sulfonamides. Chapter 6 describes the therapeutic properties of sulphonamides, which are significantly increased by the presence of the metal ions and ligands. This complex generation provides the opportunity to exploit the unique properties of metal centers, such as multiple oxidation states, redox properties, a wide variety of coordination numbers, symmetries and structural patterns, which offer highly adaptable platforms for drug design. Chapter 7 provides an overview of the clinical applications of sulphonamides on the toxicity and pharmacokinetic aspects of various sulpha-drugs. The mechanism involved in the development of sulfonamide resistance is briefly discussed. Thus, this book summarizes important attempts undertaken by chemists and biologists worldwide in the area of sulphonamides. Most importantly, the book also correlates the structural activity relationship and the related biological activity of the sulphonamides, attracting both novice and experienced chemists across the globe"--

Polymers are important and attractive biomaterials for researchers and clinical applications due to the ease of tailoring their chemical, physical and biological properties for target devices. Due to this versatility they are rapidly replacing other classes of biomaterials such as ceramics or metals. As a result, the demand for biomedical polymers has grown exponentially and supports a diverse and highly monetized research community. Currently worth $1.2bn in 2009 (up from $650m in 2000), biomedical polymers are expected to achieve a CAGR of 9.8% until 2015, supporting a current research community of approximately 28,000+. Summarizing the main advances in biopolymer development of the last decades, this work systematically covers both the physical science and biomedical engineering of the multidisciplinary field. Coverage extends across synthesis, characterization, design consideration and biomedical applications. The work supports scientists researching the formulation of novel polymers with desirable physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical and degradation properties for specific targeted biomedical applications. - Combines chemistry, biology and engineering for expert and appropriate integration of design and engineering of polymeric biomaterials - Physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical and degradation properties alongside currently deployed clinical applications of specific biomaterials aids use as single source reference on field. - 15+ case studies provides in-depth analysis of currently used polymeric biomaterials, aiding design considerations for the future

Future Directions in Biocatalysis, Second Edition, presents the future direction and latest research on how to utilize enzymes, i.e., natural catalysts, to make medicines and other necessities for humans. It emphasizes the most important and unique research on biocatalysis instead of simply detailing the ABC's on the topic. This book is an indispensable tool for new researchers in the field to help identify specific needs, start new projects that address current environmental concerns, and develop techniques based on green technology. It provides invaluable hints and clues for conducting new research on enzymes, with final sections outlining future directions in biocatalysis further expanding the science into new applications. - Gives future directions in the area of biocatalysis research - Presents research topics based on their uniqueness, originality, and novelty - Includes many explanatory figures to demonstrate concepts to both organic chemists and biochemists - Shows that there is no boundary between organic chemistry and biochemistry

The second edition of Comprehensive Organic Synthesis—winner of the 2015 PROSE Award for Multivolume Reference/Science from the Association of American Publishers—builds upon the highly respected first edition in drawing together the new common themes that underlie the many disparate areas of organic chemistry. These themes support effective and efficient synthetic strategies, thus providing a comprehensive overview of this important discipline. Fully revised and updated, this new set forms an essential reference work for all those seeking information on the solution of synthetic problems, whether they are experienced practitioners or chemists whose major interests lie outside organic synthesis. In addition, synthetic chemists requiring the essential facts in new areas, as well as students completely new to the field, will find Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Second Edition, Nine Volume Set an invaluable source, providing an authoritative overview of core concepts. Winner of the 2015 PROSE Award for Multivolume Reference/Science from the Association of American Publishers Contains more than170 articles across nine volumes, including detailed analysis of core topics such as bonds, oxidation, and reduction Includes more than10,000 schemes and images Fully revised and updated; important growth areas—including combinatorial chemistry, new technological, industrial, and green chemistry developments—are covered extensively

The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.

This book is devoted to the synthetic and physical chemistry of aromatic thiols and their closest derivatives, sulfides, sulfoxides, sulfones, including those substituted by various functional groups such as acyl and thioacyl, alkoxide, ester, hydroxyl and halogens. In some cases, for comparison, selenium and oxygen analogues are also detailed. The main focus of the book is on synthetic methods, both traditional and new, based on the use of transition metals as catalysts, as well as the reactivity of the compounds obtained. Its addition to the influence of conformational and electronic factors on spectral (NMR, IR, UV, NQR) and electrochemical characteristics of the compounds is presented. Finally, the book describes the application of aromatic thiols and their derivatives as drug precursors, high-tech materials, building blocks for organic synthesis, analytical reagents and additives for oils and fuels. It is a useful handbook for all those interested in organosulfur chemistry.

The series "The Chemistry of Functional Groups" is planned to cover, in each volume, all aspects of the chemistry of one of the important functional groups in organic chemistry.

Over the last twenty years the use of sulphones in organic synthesis has increased dramatically, the synthetic repertoire of sulphones having been developed to such an extent as to rival the carbonyl functionality for versatility. Not only have sulphones been employed in a great many synthetic methodologies, enabling the preparation of a vast array of functionalised products, but the sulphone group has also proved to be of enormous value in many of the most demanding and sophisticated total syntheses carried out in recent years. This book describes in detail all of the important sulphone chemistry employed in organic synthesis, ranging from the well-established sulphone-mediated methods to less familiar sulphone reactions and very recent discoveries of synthetic potential.