Establishing the means to improve performance in healthy, clinical, and military populations has long been a focus of study in the psychological and brain sciences. However, a major obstacle to this goal is generating individualized performance phenotypes that allow for the design of interventions that are tailored to the specific needs of the individual. Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have qualified for the development of precision approaches that consider individual differences, allowing, for example, the establishment of individualized training, preparation, and recuperation programs optimal for an individual’s cognitive and biological phenotype. Corollary developments in AI have proven that combining domain expertise and stakeholder insights can considerably improve AI’s quality, performance, and dependability in the psychology and brain sciences. Recent Developments in Machine and Human Intelligence studies original empirical work, literature reviews, and methodological papers that establish and validate precision AI methods for human performance optimization with a focus on modeling individual differences via state-of-the-art computational methods and investigating how domain expertise and human judgment can improve the performance of AI methods. The topics are crafted in such a way as to cover all the areas of artificial and human intelligence that require AI for further development. This book contains algorithms and techniques that are explained with the help of developed source code and encompasses the readiness and needs for advancements in managing yet another pandemic in the future. It is designed for academicians, scientists, research scholars, professors, graduates, undergraduates, and students.

Explores universal questions about humanity's capacity for living and thriving in the coming age of sentient machines and AI, examining debates from opposing perspectives while discussing emerging intellectual diversity and its potential role in enabling a positive life.

The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Healthcare is more than a comprehensive introduction to artificial intelligence as a tool in the generation and analysis of healthcare data. The book is split into two sections where the first section describes the current healthcare challenges and the rise of AI in this arena. The ten following chapters are written by specialists in each area, covering the whole healthcare ecosystem. First, the AI applications in drug design and drug development are presented followed by its applications in the field of cancer diagnostics, treatment and medical imaging. Subsequently, the application of AI in medical devices and surgery are covered as well as remote patient monitoring. Finally, the book dives into the topics of security, privacy, information sharing, health insurances and legal aspects of AI in healthcare. - Highlights different data techniques in healthcare data analysis, including machine learning and data mining - Illustrates different applications and challenges across the design, implementation and management of intelligent systems and healthcare data networks - Includes applications and case studies across all areas of AI in healthcare data

The remarkable progress in algorithms for machine and deep learning have opened the doors to new opportunities, and some dark possibilities. However, a bright future awaits those who build on their working methods by including HCAI strategies of design and testing. As many technology companies and thought leaders have argued, the goal is not to replace people, but to empower them by making design choices that give humans control over technology. In Human-Centered AI, Professor Ben Shneiderman offers an optimistic realist's guide to how artificial intelligence can be used to augment and enhance humans' lives. This project bridges the gap between ethical considerations and practical realities to offer a road map for successful, reliable systems. Digital cameras, communications services, and navigation apps are just the beginning. Shneiderman shows how future applications will support health and wellness, improve education, accelerate business, and connect people in reliable, safe, and trustworthy ways that respect human values, rights, justice, and dignity.

An argument that—despite dramatic advances in the field—artificial intelligence is nowhere near developing systems that are genuinely intelligent. In this provocative book, Brian Cantwell Smith argues that artificial intelligence is nowhere near developing systems that are genuinely intelligent. Second wave AI, machine learning, even visions of third-wave AI: none will lead to human-level intelligence and judgment, which have been honed over millennia. Recent advances in AI may be of epochal significance, but human intelligence is of a different order than even the most powerful calculative ability enabled by new computational capacities. Smith calls this AI ability “reckoning,” and argues that it does not lead to full human judgment—dispassionate, deliberative thought grounded in ethical commitment and responsible action. Taking judgment as the ultimate goal of intelligence, Smith examines the history of AI from its first-wave origins (“good old-fashioned AI,” or GOFAI) to such celebrated second-wave approaches as machine learning, paying particular attention to recent advances that have led to excitement, anxiety, and debate. He considers each AI technology's underlying assumptions, the conceptions of intelligence targeted at each stage, and the successes achieved so far. Smith unpacks the notion of intelligence itself—what sort humans have, and what sort AI aims at. Smith worries that, impressed by AI's reckoning prowess, we will shift our expectations of human intelligence. What we should do, he argues, is learn to use AI for the reckoning tasks at which it excels while we strengthen our commitment to judgment, ethics, and the world.

Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Computer Sciences - Artificial Intelligence, , language: English, abstract: Artificial intelligence is a technological development that most experts consider to be a significant element of the future. The term Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the capability of a computer program to perform tasks or reasoning processes that relate to human intelligence. In his theoretical physics book, Physics of the Future, Michio Kaku, the theoretical physics professor, imagines and describes a future world where artificial intelligence research will evolve to the extent of human beings merging with robots. The current level of AI development has had to grapple with the limited technology that inhibits much achievement in the field. Nonetheless, it is expected to improve human lives and enable brain control of machines in every aspect of life even though this might translate to a future in which scientists predict the existence of human-like machines. Through different approaches of development and implementations of artificial intelligence, it is clear that advancing the sophisticated software and hardware will assist humans in many endeavors, but also surpass human brain and gain conscious abilities in the future.

to date,="" research="" on="" interactive="" intelligent="" systems="" has="" largely="" focused="" either="" the="" realisation="" of="" systems’="" capabilities="" or="" cognitive="" processes="" and="" behaviour="" their="" users.="" with="" rapid="" development="" internet-based="" technologies,="" design="" is="" facing="" many="" emerging="" issues="" challenges="" such="" as="" investigating="" ways="" that="" artificial="" agents="" human="" intelligence="" can="" collaborate="" for="" better="" performance,="" understanding="" user="" requirements="" processes,="" safeguarding="" privacy,="" etc.="" divThis book provides the latest research findings and developments in the field of interactive intelligent systems, addressing diverse areas such as autonomous systems, Internet and cloud computing, pattern recognition and vision systems, mobile computing and intelligent networking, and e-enabled systems. It gathers selected papers from the International Conference on Intelligent and Interactive Systems and Applications (IISA2016) held on June 25–26, 2016 in Shanghai, China./divdivbr/divdivInteractive intelligent systems are among the most important multi-disciplinary research and development domains of artificial intelligence, human–computer interaction, machine learning and new Internet-based technologies. Accordingly, these systems embrace a considerable number of application areas such as autonomous systems, expert systems, mobile systems, recommender systems, knowledge-based and semantic web-based systems, virtual communication environments, and decision support systems, to name a few./divdivbr/divdivTo date, research on interactive intelligent systems has largely focused either on the realisation of the systems’ capabilities or on the cognitive processes and/or behaviour of their users. With the rapid development of Internet-based technologies, the design of interactive intelligent systems is facing many emerging issues and challenges such as investigating the ways that artificial agents and human intelligence can collaborate for better performance, understanding user requirements and user cognitive processes, safeguarding user privacy, etc. /divdivbr

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely known as a knowledge field that aims to make computers, robots, or products that mimic the way humans think. In the current scientific community, AI is an intensively studied area composed of multiple branches. Historically, machine learning and optimization are two of the most studied fronts thanks to the development of novel and challenging research topics such as transfer optimization, swarm robotics, and drift detection and adaptation to evolving conditions in real-time. This book collects radically new theoretical insights, reporting recent developments and evincing innovative applications regarding AI methods in all fields of knowledge. It also presents works focused on new paradigms and novel branches of AI science.

Increasingly, business leaders and managers recognize that machine learning offers their companies immense opportunities for competitive advantage. But most discussions of machine learning are intensely technical or academic, and don't offer practical information leaders can use to identify, evaluate, plan, or manage projects. Deploying Machine Learning fills that gap, helping them clarify exactly how machine learning can help them, and collaborate with technologists to actually apply it successfully. You'll learn: What machine learning is, how it compares to "big data" and "artificial intelligence," and why it's suddenly so important What machine learning can do for you: solutions for computer vision, natural language processing, prediction, and more How to use machine learning to solve real business problems -- from reducing costs through improving decision-making and introducing new products Separating hype from reality: identifying pitfalls, limitations, and misconceptions upfront Knowing enough about the technology to work effectively with your technical team Getting the data right: sourcing, collection, governance, security, and culture Solving harder problems: exploring deep learning and other advanced techniques Understanding today's machine learning software and hardware ecosystem Evaluating potential projects, and addressing workforce concerns Staffing your project, acquiring the right tools, and building a workable project plan Interpreting results -- and building an organization that can increasingly learn from data Using machine learning responsibly and ethically Preparing for tomorrow's advances The authors conclude with five chapter-length case studies: image, text, and video analysis, chatbots, and prediction applications. For each, they don't just present results: they also illuminate the process the company undertook, and the pitfalls it overcame along the way.