The NIOD REWIND Podcast presents interviews with scholars on the history and study of mass violence, war and genocide. In the second episode Anne van Mourik speaks with Wim Manuhutu.

This landmark book reveals that resistance to occupation by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy during the Second World War was not narrowly delineated by country but startlingly international. Tens of thousands of fighters - among them communists, Jews, POWs, forced labourers and deserters - joined networks across Europe. Their experiences would prove personally transformative and greatly affected the course of the long Second World War.

Under the code name Operation Reinhard, more than one and a half million Jews were murdered between 1942 and 1943 in the concentration camps of Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka, located in Nazi-occupied Poland. Unlike more well-known camps, which were used both for slave labor and extermination, these camps existed purely to murder Jews. Few victims survived to tell their stories, and the camps were largely forgotten after they were dismantled in 1943. The Operation Reinhard Death Camps bears eloquent witness to this horrific tragedy. This newly revised and expanded edition includes new material on the history of the Jews under German occupation in Poland; the execution and timing of Operation Reinhard; information about the ghettos in Lublin, Warsaw, Krakow, Radom, and Galicia; and updated numbers of the victims who were murdered during deportations. In addition to documenting the horror of the camps, Yitzhak Arad recounts the stories of those courageous enough to struggle against the Nazis and their "final solution." Arad's work retrieves the experiences of Operation Reinhard's victims and survivors from obscurity and exposes a terrible chapter in humanity's history.

This book is an elaborate study of the interrelationships between film historical discourse and archival practices, such as the collecting, restoration and exhibition of films. It delineates how film historiographical discourses always leave traces in the film archive, and vice versa. The book investigates and analyzes the history of three important collections from the archive of EYE Film Museum: the Uitkijk-collection, the Desmet-collection, and Dutch silent films. The histories of these collections have different connections to film historiography, and as such allow us to investigate these interrelationships from various perspectives. It shows how archival films and collections always carry the historical traces of selection policies, restoration philosophies, and exhibition strategies. As such the book aims to demonstrate how film archives cannot be innocent or neutral sources of film history. In addition, it shows that current EYE Film Museum activities semi-automatically refer to this history of which the archive carries the material traces.

Historically delineates the problems of genocide as a concept in relation to rival categories of mass violence.

A new and exciting study of "Europe's 1968" based on the rich oral histories of nearly 500 former activists collected by an international team of historians across fourteen countries. Throws new light on moments and movements which both united and divided the activists of Europe's 1968.

Prize-winning historian Robert Gildea dissects the legacy of empire for the former colonial powers and their subjects.

The French Resistance has an iconic status in the struggle to liberate Nazi-occupied Europe, but its story is entangled in myths. Gaining a true understanding of the Resistance means recognizing how its image has been carefully curated through a combination of French politics and pride, ever since jubilant crowds celebrated Paris’s liberation in August 1944. Robert Gildea’s penetrating history of resistance in France during World War II sweeps aside “the French Resistance” of a thousand clichés, showing that much more was at stake than freeing a single nation from Nazi tyranny. As Fighters in the Shadows makes clear, French resistance was part of a Europe-wide struggle against fascism, carried out by an extraordinarily diverse group: not only French men and women but Spanish Republicans, Italian anti-fascists, French and foreign Jews, British and American agents, and even German opponents of Hitler. In France, resistance skirted the edge of civil war between right and left, pitting non-communists who wanted to drive out the Germans and eliminate the Vichy regime while avoiding social revolution at all costs against communist advocates of national insurrection. In French colonial Africa and the Near East, battle was joined between de Gaulle’s Free French and forces loyal to Vichy before they combined to liberate France. Based on a riveting reading of diaries, memoirs, letters, and interviews of contemporaries, Fighters in the Shadows gives authentic voice to the resisters themselves, revealing the diversity of their struggles for freedom in the darkest hours of occupation and collaboration.

The first systematic study of famine in all parts of Europe from the Middle Ages to present. It compares the characteristics, consequences and causes of famine in regional case studies by leading experts to form a comprehensive picture of when and why food security across the continent became a critical issue.

This collection of primary sources for the first time gives a pan-European insight into the experiences of ordinary people living under German occupation during World War II, their everyday life, their search for supplies and their strategies to fight scarcity.