Manufacturing Babies And Public Consent
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Author |
: Jose Van Dijck |
Publisher |
: NYU Press |
Total Pages |
: 249 |
Release |
: 1995 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780814787861 |
ISBN-13 |
: 081478786X |
Rating |
: 4/5 (61 Downloads) |
Synopsis Manufacturing Babies and Public Consent by : Jose Van Dijck
On Christmas day, 1993, a 59-year-old British woman gave birth to healthy twins. In Italy the very same week, a black woman bore a white baby, produced from the semen of her white husband and an egg donated by a white woman. Heated debates ensued across the United States and Europe. Fifteen years ago the very idea of conception outside a woman's womb triggered science fiction fantasies and alarmist speculations. Today, thousands of babies are manufactured with the help of in-vitro fertilization and related technologies each year. The application of these procedures has continuously shifted the boundaries of conception and reproduction. In the public debate on new reproductive technologies, many voices have been heard: medical scientists hailing the new technologies as an unprecedented advance; feminists raising apprehensions about the way in which these technologies might rob a woman of her reproductive autonomy and bodily integrity; and ethicists, religious groups, and politicians expressing concerns about the social and moral implications of the new technologies. Mapping out the public debate in the three discourses which play the most significant role in the distribution of public meanings—science, journalism and fiction—Jos Van Dyck here traces the ways in which this public consent has been manufactured. This book examines important questions about the relationship between science, technology and popular culture.
Author |
: José Van Dyck |
Publisher |
: MacMillan |
Total Pages |
: 238 |
Release |
: 1995 |
ISBN-10 |
: 0333629647 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9780333629642 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (47 Downloads) |
Synopsis Manufacturing Babies and Public Consent by : José Van Dyck
In Manufacturing Babies and Public Consent, Jose Van Dyck sketches a map of the public debate on new reproductive technologies as it has evolved in the USA and Britain since 1978. Many people have participated in heated discussions on test-tube babies and in vitro fertilization, particularly medical researchers and feminists. The new technologies have been both embraced as the cure to infertility and condemned as the exploitation of women's bodies. Reconstructing this debate, Van Dyck juxtaposes a variety of textual material, from scientific articles to newspaper articles and works of fiction.
Author |
: Edward S. Herman |
Publisher |
: Pantheon |
Total Pages |
: 482 |
Release |
: 2011-07-06 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780307801623 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0307801624 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (23 Downloads) |
Synopsis Manufacturing Consent by : Edward S. Herman
A "compelling indictment of the news media's role in covering up errors and deceptions" (The New York Times Book Review) due to the underlying economics of publishing—from famed scholars Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky. With a new introduction. In this pathbreaking work, Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky show that, contrary to the usual image of the news media as cantankerous, obstinate, and ubiquitous in their search for truth and defense of justice, in their actual practice they defend the economic, social, and political agendas of the privileged groups that dominate domestic society, the state, and the global order. Based on a series of case studies—including the media’s dichotomous treatment of “worthy” versus “unworthy” victims, “legitimizing” and “meaningless” Third World elections, and devastating critiques of media coverage of the U.S. wars against Indochina—Herman and Chomsky draw on decades of criticism and research to propose a Propaganda Model to explain the media’s behavior and performance. Their new introduction updates the Propaganda Model and the earlier case studies, and it discusses several other applications. These include the manner in which the media covered the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement and subsequent Mexican financial meltdown of 1994-1995, the media’s handling of the protests against the World Trade Organization, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund in 1999 and 2000, and the media’s treatment of the chemical industry and its regulation. What emerges from this work is a powerful assessment of how propagandistic the U.S. mass media are, how they systematically fail to live up to their self-image as providers of the kind of information that people need to make sense of the world, and how we can understand their function in a radically new way.
Author |
: Institute of Medicine |
Publisher |
: National Academies Press |
Total Pages |
: 445 |
Release |
: 2004-07-09 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780309133388 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0309133386 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (88 Downloads) |
Synopsis Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children by : Institute of Medicine
In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or lengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies, child and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last half century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that children have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even though we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating rate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research, we do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating in clinical studies. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities and challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and legal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation and application of these standards and conduct, concluding that while children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical studies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable for children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to make informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at the need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design, review, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies to protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting human research participants in general is a necessary foundation for protecting child research participants in particular.
Author |
: Dominic Wilkinson |
Publisher |
: Elsevier Health Sciences |
Total Pages |
: 190 |
Release |
: 2018-08-05 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780702077821 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0702077828 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (21 Downloads) |
Synopsis Ethics, Conflict and Medical Treatment for Children E-Book by : Dominic Wilkinson
What should happen when doctors and parents disagree about what would be best for a child? When should courts become involved? Should life support be stopped against parents' wishes? The case of Charlie Gard, reached global attention in 2017. It led to widespread debate about the ethics of disagreements between doctors and parents, about the place of the law in such disputes, and about the variation in approach between different parts of the world. In this book, medical ethicists Dominic Wilkinson and Julian Savulescu critically examine the ethical questions at the heart of disputes about medical treatment for children. They use the Gard case as a springboard to a wider discussion about the rights of parents, the harms of treatment, and the vital issue of limited resources. They discuss other prominent UK and international cases of disagreement and conflict. From opposite sides of the debate Wilkinson and Savulescu provocatively outline the strongest arguments in favour of and against treatment. They analyse some of the distinctive and challenging features of treatment disputes in the 21st century and argue that disagreement about controversial ethical questions is both inevitable and desirable. They outline a series of lessons from the Gard case and propose a radical new 'dissensus' framework for future cases of disagreement. - This new book critically examines the core ethical questions at the heart of disputes about medical treatment for children. - The contents review prominent cases of disagreement from the UK and internationally and analyse some of the distinctive and challenging features around treatment disputes in the 21st century. - The book proposes a radical new framework for future cases of disagreement around the care of gravely ill people.
Author |
: General Medical Council (Gran Bretanya) |
Publisher |
: |
Total Pages |
: 48 |
Release |
: 2007 |
ISBN-10 |
: 0901458295 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9780901458292 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (95 Downloads) |
Synopsis Zero to Eighteen Years by : General Medical Council (Gran Bretanya)
Author |
: Institute of Medicine |
Publisher |
: National Academies Press |
Total Pages |
: 791 |
Release |
: 2007-05-23 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780309101592 |
ISBN-13 |
: 030910159X |
Rating |
: 4/5 (92 Downloads) |
Synopsis Preterm Birth by : Institute of Medicine
The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.
Author |
: American Bar Association. House of Delegates |
Publisher |
: American Bar Association |
Total Pages |
: 216 |
Release |
: 2007 |
ISBN-10 |
: 1590318730 |
ISBN-13 |
: 9781590318737 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (30 Downloads) |
Synopsis Model Rules of Professional Conduct by : American Bar Association. House of Delegates
The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Author |
: Institute of Medicine |
Publisher |
: National Academies Press |
Total Pages |
: 353 |
Release |
: 1994-01-01 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780309047982 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0309047986 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (82 Downloads) |
Synopsis Assessing Genetic Risks by : Institute of Medicine
Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.
Author |
: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
Publisher |
: National Academies Press |
Total Pages |
: 369 |
Release |
: 2020-05-01 |
ISBN-10 |
: 9780309669825 |
ISBN-13 |
: 0309669820 |
Rating |
: 4/5 (25 Downloads) |
Synopsis Birth Settings in America by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
The delivery of high quality and equitable care for both mothers and newborns is complex and requires efforts across many sectors. The United States spends more on childbirth than any other country in the world, yet outcomes are worse than other high-resource countries, and even worse for Black and Native American women. There are a variety of factors that influence childbirth, including social determinants such as income, educational levels, access to care, financing, transportation, structural racism and geographic variability in birth settings. It is important to reevaluate the United States' approach to maternal and newborn care through the lens of these factors across multiple disciplines. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice reviews and evaluates maternal and newborn care in the United States, the epidemiology of social and clinical risks in pregnancy and childbirth, birth settings research, and access to and choice of birth settings.