The Korean Constitutional Court adopted a two-prong test in its first case on dissolution of political party in determining whether to dissolve the political party. According to Article 8 Section 4 of the Korean Constitution, a political party may be dissolved if the purposes or activities of the political party are contrary to the fundamental democratic order. The Korean Constitutional Court not only used Article 8(4) of the Constitution as a standard of review for dissolution of political party but also adopted the principle of proportionality as another standard of review to be met even though the Constitution does not explicitly say so. The European Court of Human Rights has also used essentially a two-step test where the dissolution of a political party is justified if there is a pressing social need for the dissolution and the dissolution is proportionate to the legitimate aims pursued. In principle, the criteria established by the Korean Constitutional Court is very similar to the ones developed by the European Court of Human Rights even though the outcome of the application seems to be somewhat different.

O desafio moderno da China não se limita a uma questão de poder, mas é também um desafio civilizacional. Não foi suficiente modernizar o sistema militar de acordo com os avanços da tecnologia militar ocidental mas foi também necessário transformar a sua sociedade.

Este livro conta a História do Futebol a partir de seus aspectos políticos e sociais. Traz ainda um estudo inédito sobre a violência das torcidas e uma discussão sobre a utilização do esporte pelos regimes autoritários.

This edited volume explores the past, present, and future of the Korean Peninsula, with special focus on South Korea, by connecting developments in politics with those in international relations and diplomacy. The book focuses on how South Korea’s politics and international relations have evolved since the founding of the First Republic in 1948, with particular attention to the period surrounding the 2022 presidential election. The authors provide new insights into Korean politics, including South Korean electoral reform and relations with China and Japan, North Korea’s nuclear capacity, and North–South diplomacy. Beginning with a commentary by Colin Crooks, Britain’s current Ambassador to South Korea and former Ambassador to North Korea, on recent British foreign policy changes and UK–Korea relations, this book will appeal to scholars and students of politics, international relations, diplomacy, and Korean Studies.

This archival publication was launched in conjunction with "Every Island is a Mountain", a special exhibition commemorating the 30th anniversary of the Korean Pavilion at the Venice Biennale.

In this deftly argued book, Moe Taylor examines the flourishing relationship between North Korea, Cuba, and the Latin American Left through the 1960s. Beginning with the Cuban Revolution, which represented North Korea's first phase of major engagement with the region, both nations found common ground in the belief that the hopes of the international Left relied on an anti-imperialist, anti-US united front – a global campaign of guerrilla warfare against US power. This special partnership included a joint-program to train, arm, and finance revolutionary movements throughout Latin America. In the process, North Korea became an important influence on Cuban and Latin American left-wing discourse on matters of economic development, revolutionary organization and strategy, democracy, and leadership. Both nations pioneered a new Third World-ist political phenomenon – Tricontinentalism – that challenged Soviet and Chinese leadership over the international communist movement, and injected a fiercely radical current into the left-wing and anti-colonial movements of the Global South.