This book is a comprehensive study of postwar European neutrality in the context of East-West relations. Hakovirta uses comparative case studies to explore such topics as the general features of neutral foreign policies, how the main neutrals--Austria, Finland, Ireland, Sweden, Switzerland--have fared in the face of East-West confrontations, the role of neutral states as third parties in the control and resolution of East-West conflicts, and the overall viability of neutrality as an option in European foreign policy.

This book aims to bring together American and West German scholars in order to analyze U.S., German, and Soviet elite perceptions of East-West conflict. It attempts to assess the policy implications and political options for the West.

This book aims to bring together American and West German scholars in order to analyze U.S., German, and Soviet elite perceptions of East-West conflict. It attempts to assess the policy implications and political options for the West.

Analyses superpower competition in the Third World, and contains assessments of the policy options. Demonstrates that competition in the Third World between the U.S. and the Soviet Union has many dimensions: military, political, ideological and economic. Illustrates that the policies of the Soviet Union and U.S. toward the Third World have gone through a considerable evolution during the four decades since the end of the Second World War.

The Cold War was a unique international conflict partly because Josef Stalin sought socialist transformation of other countries rather than simply the traditional objectives. This intriguing book, based on recently accessible Soviet primary sources, is the first to explain the emergence of the Cold War and its development in Stalin's lifetime from the perspective of Soviet policy-making. The book pays particular attention to the often-neglected "societal" dimension of Soviet foreign policy as a crucial element of the genesis and development of the Cold War. It is also the first to put German postwar development into the context of Soviet Cold War policy. Stalin vainly tried to mobilize the Germans with slogans of national unity and then to discredit the West among the Germans by forcing the surrender of Berlin. Further attempts to prevail deadlocked him into a confrontation with the newly united Western powers. Comparing Stalin's internal statements with Soviet actions, Gerhard Wettig draws original conclusions about Stalin's meta-plans for the regions of Germany and Eastern Europe. This fascinating look at Soviet politics during the Cold War provides readers with new insights into Stalin's willingness to initiate crisis with the West while still avoiding military conflict.

This open access book features various studies on democratization, transformation, socio-economic development, and security issues in the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) geographical region and beyond. Written by experts and scholars working in the field of human dimension, security, transformation and development in Europe and Asia, particularly in post-soviet and communist countries, it examines the connectivity that the OSCE provides between the East and the West. The 2021 edition of this Compilation Series of the OSCE Academy presents studies on peace and conflict as well as political regime development in various member states of the OSCE as well as their economic, security and human rights performance and the challenges countries and society face currently. The OSCE is working in promoting Human Rights and Democratization under the notion of Human Dimension of ODIHR and is enhancing securitization and development policies in Eurasia, Europe, Central Asia and North America since 1991. 2021 marks the 30th anniversary on the tremendous efforts in promoting democracy, security and development. This compilation reviews some of these efforts in light of this anniversary, the achievements and shortcomings.

This book, first published in 1983, examines the role that arms control has to play, alongside defence and deterrence, in stabilising East-West relations and reducing tensions during the Cold War. Arms control agreements were designed in the attempt to achieve parity between the nuclear forces of the superpowers, without making war more likely. A danger of confrontation between the USSR and the USA came from their involvement in Third World conflicts, and this arena is also discussed. The diplomatic approaches of the Soviet Union, the Third World and the West, and their aims in arms control, are also analysed.

A framework containing general principles to help industrial democracies deal with the Soviet Union and its allies over the years and decades to come is presented. The direction advocated by the framework is one involving active, sustained, and positive engagement with the East. There are five major parts to the framework. Part I discusses the East-West relationship by examining Western and Soviet premises and priorities. Part II deals with the political relationship between East and West, and contends that the process of steadily increasing contacts and constructive interactions with the East must rest on the twin pillars of firmness and flexibility. Part III deals with the security relationship. Ways to reduce risks, maintain security, curb the arms race, and open a new channel of communication are discussed. International trade is the focus of Part IV which emphasizes that economic relations must be widened. The framework concludes with a discussion of how to cooperate by developing cultural and educational ties between the East and West, encouraging program exchanges, and using radio and television to present more positive images and attitudes for the youth of both countries. (RM)