The federal government provides about $20 billion a year in grants to states for highways; most of the money is raised through taxes on motor fuels. States, in financing their road-building programs, also rely heavily on motor fuel taxes and on fees paid by highway users. But these revenues are insufficient. This study reviews several approaches to augment traditional sources of funding for highways. The analysis covers changes in rules governing federal aid, state infrastructure banks, federal credit assistance, and private-sector financing of roads. Charts and tables.

Reconciling explosive growth with often majestic landscape defines New Geographies of the American West. Geographer William Travis examines contemporary land use changes and development patterns from the Mississippi to the Pacific, and assesses the ecological and social outcomes of Western development. Unlike previous "boom" periods dependent on oil or gold, the modern population explosion in the West reflects a sustained passion for living in this specific landscape. But the encroaching exurbs, ranchettes, and ski resorts are slicing away at the very environment that Westerners cherish. Efforts to manage growth in the West are usually stymied at the state and local levels. Is it possible to improve development patterns within the West's traditional anti-planning, pro-growth milieu, or is a new model needed? Can the region develop sustainably, protecting and managing its defining wildness, while benefiting from it, too? Travis takes up the challenge , suggesting that functional and attractive settlement can be embedded in preserved lands, working landscapes, and healthy ecologies.

This book aims to discover the conditions under which public private partnerships may provide a viable alternative to the provision of public services and infrastructures by the state, while achieving efficient, sustainable, peaceful, and equitable development in four transition countries: China, Poland, Russia and Ukraine.

Divides the contents of each volume into sections - to mirror the way you practice. Includes topics like Paediatrics Oncology and Interventional Radiology in each section for a holistic approach. Provides content written by more than 500+ prominent authors across the globe and further edited by more than 50+ editors of global repute. Organizes the material in structured, consistent chapter layouts for efficient and effective review. Contains heavily illustrated radiographical images along with additional CT, HRCT and MR correlative images. Enumerates common vascular interventions. Describes the adult pathologies, nephron-oncology and interventions in detail. Differentiating points and practical tips are given with relevant images in the radiological approach chapter are unique to this book. Contains special chapters like hernia, imaging approach in infertility and PET for prostate. Comprises additional online chapters in each volume with online references and other ancillary materials which would make learning and understanding much easier.