The Advanced Forensic Science Series grew out of the recommendations from the 2009 NAS Report: Strengthening Forensic Science: A Path Forward. This volume, Digital and Document Examination, will serve as a graduate level text for those studying and teaching digital forensics and forensic document examination, as well as an excellent reference for forensic scientist's libraries or use in their casework. Coverage includes digital devices, transportation, types of documents, forensic accounting and professional issues. Edited by a world-renowned leading forensic expert, the Advanced Forensic Science Series is a long overdue solution for the forensic science community. - Provides basic principles of forensic science and an overview of digital forensics and document examination - Contains sections on digital devices, transportation, types of documents and forensic accounting - Includes sections on professional issues, such as from crime scene to court, forensic laboratory reports and health and safety - Incorporates effective pedagogy, key terms, review questions, discussion questions and additional reading suggestions

Forensic Document Examination in the 21st Century covers the latest technology and techniques providing a complete resource on contemporary issues and methods in forensic document examination. Forensic document examiners provide their findings as expert testimony in court. Due to rapid changes in technology, including digital documents, printing and photocopying capabilities, and more, there is a great need for this up-to-date reference. The examination of documents can include comparison of handwriting or hand-printing; detection of alterations or photocopier and computer manipulation; restoration or decipherment of erased and obliterated writing; visualization of latent impressions; the identification of printing processes; and differentiation of inks. Computer-generated documents are prevalent, and electronically-captured signatures are becoming more widespread, meaning the knowledge of advances in technology and adoption of new validated techniques and methods of document examination are crucial to the reliability of forensic opinions. Forensic Document Examination in the 21st Century includes the latest research on the subject and with contributions from leading experts on their various areas of expertise. The book will be a welcome addition to the literature and support the foundational basis for methods and procedures for use it expert testimony in court, serving as a resource for forensic document examiners, trainees, and those in the criminal and legal communities who use the services of expert document examiners and witnesses

One possible solution to the increased amount of paper generated by mankind over recent years is to use the computer and its associated possibility of storing digital information. Through digitisation, the image of a paper can be stored in a digital file. With the development of new storage mediums with even larger capacity and faster access times, it is possible to put a complete collection of books in a single DVD or a small flash drive. This brought forth a possible solution to the problem of carrying and copying the information. But as new opportunities appear to us, we create new possibilities and new problems with them. In this way, carrying and copying moved away from being the centre of the problem. This book covers the main aspects of document analysis and processing, including digitisation, storage, thresholding, filtering, segmentation and automatic recognition.

Revised and expanded to reflect the most recent innovations in the field, The Scientific Examination of Documents, Fourth Edition is a handy, accessible volume detailing current best-practices for forensic document examination. Since the first edition published in 1989, there have been drastic changes in the field of forensic document examination—both from the use of the analytic techniques available to the professional examiner—and the changes to technology in office and printing equipment and inks. The purpose of analyzing any material used in the production of a questioned document, such as an ink or a piece of paper, is to compare it with another material elsewhere in the questioned document itself—or on another document—to determine whether or not they share a common origin. There may also be a need to provide information for the investigator about the possible origins of the document. This latest edition reflects the myriad changes and advances that have occurred in the last 10 to 15 years. Topics covered include: current thinking on handwriting interpretation; accidental and deliberate modification of handwriting; the proper collection of samples; a discussion of shredded documents; professional accreditation standards, qualifications, and training; and modern digital imaging and analysis of documents and handwriting utilizing software and imaging, including reconstruction of an image from erasures, obliteration and other document altering methods. A new section addresses cognitive bias and Chapter 8 is completely updated to cover the advances in print and photocopied documents, based on current technology, and analytical developments in the comparison of such documents. Key features: Discusses issues regarding handwritten, photocopied, and printed documents—including inkjet versus digital printing Presents the advances and capabilities modern office fax, photocopy, and printing technologies—and implications for document examination Details and reinforces the importance of ensuring proper scientific methods during an examination Addresses current Raman spectroscopy, UV-VIS, mass spectroscopy, and SEM analysis techniques Highlights the importance, and implications, of biological and fingerprint evidence from documents that can be collected, examined, and utilized in a case The Scientific Examination of Documents, Fourth Edition serves as an invaluable resource to established professionals, those just entering the field, and legal and investigative professionals outside the discipline who have a professional interest dealing with questioned documents in the course of their work.

Disputed document inquiries encompass extensive and varied technical examinations, unique phases of investigation, and specialized legal presentations. This book serves as a guide to all aspects of a questioned document covering the broad spectrum of the work as it is practiced today. From the work of the field investigator and the examination of a document to the presentation of evidence in court, Scientific Examination of Questioned Documents provides a comprehensive approach that is ideal as a training manual for document examiners, investigators, and attorneys.

Forensic Document Examination enlightens forensic document examiners, forensic investigators, attorneys and others using the services of forensic document examiners with the basic principles and current trends in the area. Standards and methodologies apply now, which were non-existent 20 years ago. Instrumentation has moved beyond the microscope and the magnifying glass to digital cameras, digital microscopes, video spectral comparators, electrostatic detection devices for the development of indented writing on paper, scanners, and software programs like Write-On 2.0 and Photoshop. - Covers basic principles and methodologies used in forensic document examination - Contains state-of-the-art techniques and new trends - Includes research over the last ten years and describes the future direction of forensic document examination

Forensic Examination of Signatures explains the neuroscience and kinematics of signature production, giving specific details of research carried out on the topic. It provides practical details for forensic examiners to consider when examining signatures, especially now that we are in an era of increasing digital signatures. Written by a foremost forensic document examiner, this reference provides FDEs, the legal community, the judiciary, and the academic community with a comprehensive record of the state-of-the-art of signature examination and plans for addressing future research into improving the reliability of FDEs. - Devoted solely to signature examination - Includes examination methods and the latest approaches to report conclusions and testimony - Written by an internationally recognized forensic document examiner

Revised and expanded to reflect the most recent innovations in the field, The Scientific Examination of Documents, Fourth Edition is a handy, accessible volume detailing current best-practices for forensic document examination. Since the first edition published in 1989, there have been drastic changes in the field of forensic document examination--both from the use of the analytic techniques available to the professional examiner--and the changes to technology in office and printing equipment and inks. The purpose of analyzing any material used in the production of a questioned document, such as an ink or a piece of paper, is to compare it with another material elsewhere in the questioned document itself--or on another document--to determine whether or not they share a common origin. There may also be a need to provide information for the investigator about the possible origins of the document. This latest edition reflects the myriad changes and advances that have occurred in the last 10 to 15 years. Topics covered include: current thinking on handwriting interpretation; accidental and deliberate modification of handwriting; the proper collection of samples; a discussion of shredded documents; professional accreditation standards, qualifications, and training; and modern digital imaging and analysis of documents and handwriting utilizing software and imaging, including reconstruction of an image from erasures, obliteration and other document altering methods. A new section addresses cognitive bias and Chapter 8 is completely updated to cover the advances in print and photocopied documents, based on current technology, and analytical developments in the comparison of such documents. Key features: Discusses issues regarding handwritten, photocopied, and printed documents--including inkjet versus digital printing Presents the advances and capabilities modern office fax, photocopy, and printing technologies--and implications for document examination Details and reinforces the importance of ensuring proper scientific methods during an examination Addresses current Raman spectroscopy, UV-VIS, mass spectroscopy, and SEM analysis techniques Highlights the importance, and implications, of biological and fingerprint evidence from documents that can be collected, examined, and utilized in a case The Scientific Examination of Documents, Fourth Edition serves as an invaluable resource to established professionals, those just entering the field, and legal and investigative professionals outside the discipline who have a professional interest dealing with questioned documents in the course of their work.

This book introduces the reader to the basic principles of handwriting and the factors that affect their development. The book discusses the basic concept of the characteristics of writing that are compared when making an identification or elimination of a writer. In addition, readers will be able to recognize the signs of forgery and disguise and to distinguish between simulation and disguise.

This book brings all the major and frontier topics in the field of document analysis together into a single volume, creating a unique reference source that will be invaluable to a large audience of researchers, lecturers and students working in this field. With chapters written by some of the most distinguished researchers active in this field, this book addresses recent advances in digital document processing research and development.