The purpose of this book is to provide a clear guide to tort law, examining the main principles and areas of the subject. It includes text emphasizing the main issues of liability. The text incorporates relevant materials, extracts from leading judgments, articles and reports of review bodies on tort law. It should prove especially useful for those who do not have access to a law library, as for those whose library is under severe pressure from users. It will be useful to those participating in seminars and tutorials and will enable them to take part in a good level of discussion. This new edition of Sourcebook on Torts has been fully revised and incorporates the Human Rights Act 1998. The effect of the European Courts decision in Osman is now being felt, as is evident from the judgments of the House of Lords in Barrett v Enfield BC. The Law Commission's proposals on liability for psychiatric illness are included. Developments in the tort of nuisance, the defence of qualified privilege and damages are also scrutinized. Several Law Commission reports and the Social Security (Recovery of Benefits) Act 1997 are also extracted, as are other new pieces of legislation, such as the Damages Act 1996 and the Defamation Act 1996.

Reprint of the original, first published in 1876.

"Including bills of exchange ; promissory notes ; negotiable bonds and coupons ; checks ; bank notes ; certificates of deposit ; certificates of stock ; bills of credit ; bills of lading ; guaranties ; letters of credit ; and circular notes."--T.p.

Establishing a factual basis on which to apply the law can be an extraordinarily challenging process, and perhaps more so in international arbitration than in any other proceedings, due to the very different notions of fact-finding that prevail among jurisdictions. This important book assesses, for the first time, the contours of an emerging transnational law of fact-finding that promises to greatly enhance the efficiency and reliability of this crucial arbitral procedure. In his analysis, focusing on bases that reflect current (but fluid) transnational practice, the author assembles a viable lex evidentiae from an in-depth examination and synthesis of the following bodies of source material: published arbitration proceedings and awards; the general framework of fact-finding issues as provided for under the arbitration acts of England and Wales, the United States, Germany, Brazil, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, and Italy, as well as under the Model Law; fact-finding stipulations under UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules as well as under various institutional rules; soft law (such as the IBA Rules, Prague Rules, ALI/UNIDROIT Principles of Transnational Civil Procedure); best practices as captured by legal commentary; and investment arbitration proceedings, where many decisions and awards are nowadays publicly available. In the course of the analysis, a comprehensive description and analysis of what fact-finding entails, including both gathering of facts and taking of evidence, is fully elaborated. Given that it is an essential task of international arbitration proceedings to define the disagreements between the parties and seek to determine the truth, the international arbitration community must be able to rely on a robust, consistent, and predictable, albeit flexible and adaptive, set of fact-finding rules. Against this background, the present study not only provides a stocktaking of current practice but also makes a signal contribution to meeting the need for legal certainty and reliability in international arbitration.