This book centres on the war that raged between Eritrea and Ethiopia from 1998 to 2000, a war that caused great loss of life and tremendous devastation. It analyses the war in great detail from an international legal perspective: the nature and the state of the boundary conflict preceding the actual armed conflict, the military actions themselves, the role of the UN peace-keeping mission, the responsibility for the multitude of explosive remnants of the war left behind. Ample attention is paid to the decisions of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission and the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission. This study is not limited to the war and the period immediately following it, it also examines its more extended aftermath prolonging the analysis as far as the more recent improvement in the relations between Eritrea and Ethiopia, away from a situation of ‘no war, no peace’ that prevailed after the armed conflict ended. The analysis of the war and its aftermath is not only in terms of international legal issues, it has been placed in a wider than strictly legal perspective. The book is a valuable work for academics and practitioners in international law, human rights and humanitarian law in particular, for political scientists, diplomats, civil servants, historians, and all those others seriously interested in the Horn of Africa. Andrea de Guttry is Full Professor of Public International Law at the Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna in Pisa, Italy. Harry H.G. Post is Adjunct Professor in the Faculté Libre de Droit of the Université Catholique de Lille in Lille, France. Gabriella Venturini is Professor Emerita in the Dipartimento di Studi internazionali, giuridici e storico-politici of the Università degli Studi di Milano in Milan, Italy.

process of demarcation stalled. Later it was resumed, but since November 2008 the activities of the EEBC have stopped without a final solution. Since July 2003, the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission has issued a considerable number of de- sions on claims by either Party on a wide variety of subjects, e. g. , the treatment and exchange of prisoners of war, aerial bombardments, claims of civilians, liability issues, etc. In 2005 and 2007, the Commission issued further partial and final awards on issues of diplomatic law, economic relations during armed conflict (including on the taking and destruction of property) and on various claims regarding violations of International Humanitarian Law. These will be discussed and examined in Part V, in light of the current legal framework. Undoubtedly, the Commission has brought considerable innovations to the state of the law. Its decision on the jus ad bellum is particularly striking. The EECC found that in 1998 Eritrea had launched armed attacks on Ethiopia in violation of the prohibition on the threat and the use of force. In Part IV this ‘central’ decision is extensively discussed and commented upon. In the next and final phase of its activities the Claims Commission will assess damages and award compensation for the successful claims. In Part VI the fra- work of the law of state responsibility and of compensation and damages as it stands now is examined and explained taking into account important modern armed c- flicts such as the Gulf Wars.

The war that broke out between Ethiopia and Eritrea in May 1998 is one of the bloodiest of recent times. yet prior to the fighting these neighbours were governed by movements that were close allies, and led by men who had been personal friends. This discussion paper examines the region's pre-colonial past and the impact of settlement after the Second World War. It suggests how differing concepts of nationalism developed for the TPLF and the EPLF, the two liberation movements that overthrew the Ethiopian regime in 1991, and charts the checkered record of cooperation between them. The paper outlines the unfolding of the dispute, from a small-scale skirmish on an ill-defined border to a heavy military confrontation including the use of tanks, air power and massive numbers of ground troops. It describes the spread of the conflict, its economic and human consequences and the diplomatic efforts within the region, on the continent and by the international community.

"Frequently misunderstood, and too often underestimated, Eritrea is crucial to the stability of the Horn of Africa region and beyond. Despite early optimism after the country gained its independence in 1993, today it has an undemocratic power structure, a low level of socioeconomic development and a highly militarized political system. It has fought wars with each of its neighbours, including a particularly devastating conflict with Ethiopia which remains unresolved. As Eritrea faces the threat of sanctions, and the possibility of being listed by the United States as a state sponsor of terror, its future hangs in the balance - and with it the future of a troubled region that occupies an increasingly strategic position in world affairs. What happens next may depend upon informed and sensitive decision-making by international policy-makers, who until now have had limited sources of reliable information and analysis on this vital region. This volume brings together the insights of international analysts and scholars in an effort to understand the nature of Eritrea's foreign relations, both regionally and in the wider international arena." --Book Jacket.

Negash (modern history, Dalerna U. College, Sweden) and Tronvoll (Norwegian Institute of Human Rights, U. of Oslo) examine historical relations between Ethiopia and Eritrea, border issues, and relations between the former liberation fronts comprising the current governments. Appends communiques relating to negotiations which culminated in a December 2000 peace agreement. c. Book News Inc.

A quarter of a century ago, Alemseged abandoned a promising academic career to join the fledgling Eritrean Peoples Liberation Front to fight for Eritrea's freedom. This book, a translation of an earlier account in Tigrinya of the Battle of Afabet, the most important battle in the Eritrean fight against its Ethiopian occupation, shares with readers a searing eyewitness account of bravery and valour in the face of death.

Bringing together original, contemporary ethnographic research on the Northeast African state of Eritrea, this book shows how biopolitics - the state-led deployment of disciplinary technologies on individuals and population groups - is assuming particular forms in the twenty-first century. Once hailed as the “African country that works,” Eritrea’s apparently successful post-independence development has since lapsed into economic crisis and severe human rights violations. This is due not only to the border war with Ethiopia that began in 1998, but is also the result of discernible tendencies in the “high modernist” style of social mobilization for development first adopted by the Eritrean government during the liberation struggle (1961–1991) and later carried into the post-independence era. The contributions to this volume reveal and interpret the links between development and developmentalist ideologies, intensifying militarism, and the controlling and disciplining of human lives and bodies by state institutions, policies, and discourses. Also assessed are the multiple consequences of these policies for the Eritrean people and the ways in which such policies are resisted or subverted. This insightful, comparative volume places the Eritrean case in a broader global and transnational context.

The best country-by-country assessment of human rights. The human rights records of more than ninety countries and territories are put into perspective in Human Rights Watch's signature yearly report. Reflecting extensive investigative work undertaken by Human Rights Watch staff, in close partnership with domestic human rights activists, the annual World Report is an invaluable resource for journalists, diplomats, and citizens, and is a must-read for anyone interested in the fight to protect human rights in every corner of the globe.

In March 1896 a well-disciplined and massive Ethiopian army did the unthinkable-it routed an invading Italian force and brought Italy's war of conquest in Africa to an end. In an age of relentless European expansion, Ethiopia had successfully defended its independence and cast doubt upon an unshakable certainty of the age-that sooner or later all Africans would fall under the rule of Europeans. This event opened a breach that would lead, in the aftermath of world war fifty years later, to the continent's painful struggle for freedom from colonial rule. Raymond Jonas offers the first comprehensive account of this singular episode in modern world history. The narrative is peopled by the ambitious and vain, the creative and the coarse, across Africa, Europe, and the Americas-personalities like Menelik, a biblically inspired provincial monarch who consolidated Ethiopia's throne; Taytu, his quick-witted and aggressive wife; and the Swiss engineer Alfred Ilg, the emperor's close advisor. The Ethiopians' brilliant gamesmanship and savvy public relations campaign helped roll back the Europeanization of Africa. Figures throughout the African diaspora immediately grasped the significance of Adwa, Menelik, and an independent Ethiopia. Writing deftly from a transnational perspective, Jonas puts Adwa in the context of manifest destiny and Jim Crow, signaling a challenge to the very concept of white dominance. By reopening seemingly settled questions of race and empire, the Battle of Adwa was thus a harbinger of the global, unsettled century about to unfold.

Scarred by decades of conflict and occupation, the craggy African nation of Eritrea has weathered the world's longest-running guerrilla war. The dogged determination that secured victory against Ethiopia, its giant neighbor, is woven into the national psyche, the product of cynical foreign interventions. Fascist Italy wanted Eritrea as the springboard for a new, racially pure Roman empire; Britain sold off its industry for scrap; the United States needed a base for its state-of-the-art spy station; and the Soviet Union used it as a pawn in a proxy war. In I Didn't Do It for You, Michela Wrong reveals the breathtaking abuses this tiny nation has suffered and, with a sharp eye for detail and a taste for the incongruous, tells the story of colonialism itself and how international power politics can play havoc with a country's destiny.