This book provides readers with a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of approximate computing, enabling the design trade-off of accuracy for achieving better power/performance efficiencies, through the simplification of underlying computing resources. The authors describe in detail various efforts to generate approximate hardware systems, while still providing an overview of support techniques at other computing layers. The book is organized by techniques for various hardware components, from basic building blocks to general circuits and systems.

This book comprises the select proceedings of the annual convention of the Computer Society of India. Divided into 10 topical volumes, the proceedings present papers on state-of-the-art research, surveys, and succinct reviews. The volumes cover diverse topics ranging from parallel processing to system buses, and from computer architecture to VLIW (very long instruction word). This book focuses on systems and architecture. It aims at informing the readers about those attributes of a system visible to a programmer. This book also deals with various innovations and improvements in computing technologies to improve the size, capacity and performance of modern-day computing systems. The contents of this book will be useful to professionals and researchers alike.

Computer Systems and Software Engineering is a compilation of sixteen state-of-the-art lectures and keynote speeches given at the COMPEURO '92 conference. The contributions are from leading researchers, each of whom gives a new insight into subjects ranging from hardware design through parallelism to computer applications. The pragmatic flavour of the contributions makes the book a valuable asset for both researchers and designers alike. The book covers the following subjects: Hardware Design: memory technology, logic design, algorithms and architecture; Parallel Processing: programming, cellular neural networks and load balancing; Software Engineering: machine learning, logic programming and program correctness; Visualization: the graphical computer interface.

Adders are the basic building blocks of any processor or data path application. In adder design, carry generation is the critical path. To reduce the power consumption of the data path, we need to reduce the area of the adder. Carry Select Adder is one of the fast adders used in may data path applications. The proposed design is implemented without using multiplexer and RCA structure with Cin=1. Instead of using multiplexer and RCA Cin=1 structure, we use simple combinational circuit. After speed, power dissipation is one of the most important design objectives in integrated circuits. As adders are the most widely used components in such circuits, the design of efficient adder is of much concern for researchers. This study presents a performance analysis of different Fast Adders. The comparison is done on the basis of three performance parameters, i.e. Area, Speed and Power consumption. We also show a modified carry select adder designed at different stages.

This book provides a comprehensive reference for everything that has to do with digital circuits. The author focuses equally on all levels of abstraction. He tells a bottom-up story from the physics level to the finished product level. The aim is to provide a full account of the experience of designing, fabricating, understanding, and testing a microchip. The content is structured to be very accessible and self-contained, allowing readers with diverse backgrounds to read as much or as little of the book as needed. Beyond a basic foundation of mathematics and physics, the book makes no assumptions about prior knowledge. This allows someone new to the field to read the book from the beginning. It also means that someone using the book as a reference will be able to answer their questions without referring to any external sources.

WelcometotheproceedingsofPATMOS2004,thefourteenthinaseriesofint- national workshops. PATMOS 2004 was organized by the University of Patras with technical co-sponsorship from the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society. Over the years, the PATMOS meeting has evolved into an important - ropean event, where industry and academia meet to discuss power and timing aspects in modern integrated circuit and system design. PATMOS provides a forum for researchers to discuss and investigate the emerging challenges in - sign methodologies and tools required to develop the upcoming generations of integrated circuits and systems. We realized this vision this year by providing a technical program that contained state-of-the-art technical contributions, a keynote speech, three invited talks and two embedded tutorials. The technical program focused on timing, performance and power consumption, as well as architectural aspects, with particular emphasis on modelling, design, charac- rization, analysis and optimization in the nanometer era. This year a record 152 contributions were received to be considered for p- sible presentation at PATMOS. Despite the choice for an intense three-day m- ting, only 51 lecture papers and 34 poster papers could be accommodated in the single-track technical program. The Technical Program Committee, with the - sistance of additional expert reviewers, selected the 85 papers to be presented at PATMOS and organized them into 13 technical sessions. As was the case with the PATMOS workshops, the review process was anonymous, full papers were required, and several reviews were received per manuscript.

Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) creates an integrated circuit (IC) by combining thousands of transistors into a single chip. While designing a circuit, reduction of power consumption is a great challenge. VLSI designs reduce the size of circuits which eventually reduces the power consumption of the devices. However, it increases the complexity of the digital system. Therefore, computer-aided design tools are introduced into hardware design processes. Unlike the general-purpose computer, an embedded system is engineered to manage a wide range of processing tasks. Single or multiple processing cores manage embedded systems in the form of microcontrollers, digital signal processors, field-programmable gate arrays, and application-specific integrated circuits. Security threats have become a significant issue since most embedded systems lack security even more than personal computers. Many embedded systems hacking tools are readily available on the internet. Hacking in the PDAs and modems is a pervasive example of embedded systems hacking. This book explores the designs of VLSI circuits and embedded systems. These two vast topics are divided into four parts. In the book's first part, the Decision Diagrams (DD) have been covered. DDs have extensively used Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software to synthesize circuits and formal verification. The book's second part mainly covers the design architectures of Multiple-Valued Logic (MVL) Circuits. MVL circuits offer several potential opportunities to improve present VLSI circuit designs. The book's third part deals with Programmable Logic Devices (PLD). PLDs can be programmed to incorporate a complex logic function within a single IC for VLSI circuits and Embedded Systems. The fourth part of the book concentrates on the design architectures of Complex Digital Circuits of Embedded Systems. As a whole, from this book, core researchers, academicians, and students will get the complete picture of VLSI Circuits and Embedded Systems and their applications.